I've been casually thinking about that idea I had about making translations for math terms in toki pona from that other post, and I've been taking inspiration from Japanese, since their structure of combining kanji to make new words is basically the challenge I'd have to face.
After looking at some interesting ones (such as "differentiation" being 微分, literally "delicate + part", which is cute), I went on wiktionary to see some of the more mysterious ones, such as "dimension" being 次元 (lit. "next + origin"), and while I was expecting some sort of historical etymology combinations, all it said was "Appeared in (...) “Vocabulary of mathematical terms in English and Japanese” of 1889 as a translation of English dimension.".
I'm taking a vector analysis class, and upon reaching the Stokes's theorem, our professor briefly mentioned Stokes did not actually prove his theorem. It's funny, but definitely one of many situations where we name theorems after people just "involved" in the theorem but not actually the provers.
I found this very nice paper1 describing the history we know. In short, Ostrogradsky proved the first version of what we know as the divergence theorem. Green then proved a different version of it, which when reduced to two dimensions, derives what we know as Green's theorem (except that Green never seems to have done that).
The first version of Stokes' theorem in $\R^3$ was actually in the Smith's Prize exam from 1854 (yes, it was the question to an exam, specifically question #8 found here2), and the one who and the author of the exam was Stokes himself. So we only call the theorem after him for perhaps shedding light on this problem, but from what we know, the first to actually prove it was Hermann Hankel in 1861, using the results of Green.